ABSTRACT
@#<b>Objective</b> To investigate the changes of chromosome aberration and micronucleus frequencies in the peripheral blood of patients with cancer before and after treatment, and to provide a basis for clinical prevention and treatment. <b>Methods</b> We collected the physical examination data of 102 patients with cancer before and after treatment from 2016 to 2021 to analyze the changes of chromosome aberration and micronucleus frequencies in peripheral blood. <b>Results</b> Before and after treatment, there were significant differences in chromosome aberration frequency and micronucleus frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients having radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy (all <i>P</i> < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed in either index for patients having chemotherapy (both <i>P</i> > 0.05). Before and after radiotherapy, there were significant differences in the numbers of patients with abnormal chromosome aberration frequency and those with abnormal micronucleus frequency in lymphocytes (both <i>P</i> < 0.001). Before and after chemotherapy, there was no significant difference in the number of patients with abnormal chromosome aberration frequency (<i>P</i> = 0.100) or those with abnormal micronucleus frequency (<i>P</i> = 0.110). <b>Conclusion</b> Radiotherapy can cause abnormalities in chromosome aberration and micronucleus frequencies in peripheral blood lymphocytes, which can be useful for monitoring radiotherapy injury to formulate effective emergency plans and evaluate radiation dose in each course of treatment.
ABSTRACT
La mucositis es la reacción secundaria a la quimioterapia y/o radioterapia, existen múltiples opciones terapéuticas para tratar esta complicación, no se cuenta con un tratamiento definido por lo que el objetivo de esta revisión es el de agrupar las distintas maneras de abordar la mucositis oral y su efecto así como compartir la experiencia que se tiene en el Hospital General de México. Dentro de los tratamientos más utilizados se encuentra el empleo de fármacos protectores de mucosa, crioterapia, factores de crecimiento entre otros, el efecto deseado es retrasar la aparición de la lesión así como disminuir la severidad de las mismas, no todas las opciones se encuentran disponibles para el personal médico por lo que se deben de conocer las distintas opciones terapéuticas y la solidez científica con la que cuentan.
Mucositis is the secondary reaction to chemotherapy and / or radiotherapy, there are multiple therapeutic alternatives to treat this complication, there doesn't exist a specific therapy so the aim of this review is to coordinate the various ways of treating oral mucositis and its effect and to share the experience at the General Hospital of Mexico. Within the most widely used treatments is the use of mucosal protective drugs, cryotherapy, growth factors, among others, the main effect is to delay the onset of injury and decrease the severity of them, not all options are available for medical staff so they must know the different Iptherapeutic alternatives and the scientific soundness for each option.
Subject(s)
Humans , Stomatitis/therapy , Oral Hygiene , Radiotherapy/adverse effects , Stomatitis/etiology , Biological Products/therapeutic use , Cryotherapy , Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/therapeutic use , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Laser Therapy , Hospitals, General , Mexico , Neoplasms/complicationsABSTRACT
<b>Background</b>: In terminally ill patients with cancer, sleep disturbance makes worse their quality of life. Midazolam has not ever been used for the treatment of sleep disturbance in general wards of our hospital, used in palliative care unit of other hospital, however. <b>Method</b>: This is a retrospective study based on chart review. Twenty-eight patients who were treated with midazolam for sleep disturbance included in this study. We designed evaluation methods to strictly follow the actual chart descriptions. Efficacy was rated as good, fair, or poor. Safety was defined by the presence or absence of respiratory depression and hypotension. <b>Results</b>: The median administration periods and initial doses were 6 days (range, 1-151) and 5.0 mg/night (1.8-20.0), respectively. Fourteen patients showed good sleep a night after midazolam infusion, four and nine patients showed fair and poor sleep, respectively. No patient demonstrated a respiratory rate of less than 8/min and systolic blood pressure of <60 mmHg at any point during and after midazolam infusion. <b>Conclusion</b>: Intravenous midazolam appeared to be safe for sleep disturbance of terminally ill patients with cancer in general wards. A future improvement administration methods are necessary to treat for sleep disturbance more effectively as well as PCU.
ABSTRACT
Cancer has been considered a life-threatening disease and coping patterns could have a string impact the physical and psychological health of patients and their family. The purpose of this study was to identify the change of coping patterns according to the phases of illness in the patients with cancer and their family caregivers and to compare the coping patterns of patients with those of their caregivers. The phases of illness consisted of 1st(initial) stage, 2nd(metastatic or recurred) stage and 3rd(terminal) stage based on literature. The coping methods were measured using the modified Ways of Coping Questionnaire by Lazarus and Folkman(1984). Seventy-nine patients(35 in stage 1,31 in stage 2, and 13 in stage 3) and ninety-two caregivers(38 in stage 1,30 in stage 2 and 24) agreed to participate from two general hospitals in Seoul and Choongnam. No significant changes were found in the coping patterns according to the phases of illness in both groups. Patients in stage 2 and caregivers in stages 2 and 3 problem-focused coping methods were significantly used more than emotion-focused coping methods. Patients in stage 1 significantly used two coping strategies that were cognitive reconstruction and emotion expression more than caregivers. Patents in stage 2 significantly used emotion-focused coping methods including minimizing threat, blame, and emotion expression excepting wishful thinking more than caregivers. We need more research to identify the relationship between the coping methods and their efficiencies through long-term observation and attempt to develop the nursing interventions that could have an improvement on positive coping methods and provide guidance on the problems the patients experience.